Kyllä me tiedämme, mihin etniseen ryhmään valtaenemmistö, ellei jopa lähes kaikki, alaikäisten tyttöjen raiskaajat kuuluvat. Ja mihin kuuluu se ällöttävä 43 v "perheenisä", joka juuri tuomittiin tyttärensä vieraaksi tulleen 13-vuotiaan tytön seksuaalisesta hyväksikäytöstä.
Ruotsin "suuremmat" raiskausluvut johtuvat tosiasiallisesti suureksi osaksi siitä, että siellä raiskaus määritellään eri tavalla kuin muualla. Henkirikoksia Ruotsissa tehdään vähemmän kuin muissa pohjoismaissa.
In Sweden, for example, there are three categories of rape -- gross, ordinary and minor (Assange is being charged with minor, or third-degree, rape) -- and in the United States, where there is no national rape law, there are some states that require evidence of "forcible compulsion" before it can be called rape.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/2 ... 823272.htm
Sweden’s debate about ’consensual rape’
Under Swedish law, consensual sex can be classified as ’rape’. What matters is not whether the complainant said ’no’ (or implied it) but whether the perpetrator uses force or the threat of force, or he takes advantage of the victim’s helpless state.
If there is no proof of force or threat of force, the judges will consider the intent of the perpetrator. In practice this leads to many cases of ’word against word’ in which the man will have to prove his innocence. This reverses the burden of proof that is basic to criminal trials in Western legal systems, in which the accused is innocent until proven guilty.
Sweden has three categories of ’rape’:
• gross rape (4-10 years imprisonment)
• ordinary rape (2-4 years imprisonment)
• minor rape (0-4 years imprisonment)
"Sweden’s definition of legal rape includes the idea of ’unlawful coercion’, which involves exerting emotional pressure on someone to have sex. In other words, talking someone into bed.
The laws on rape and sexual violence have changed over the past two decades. Many of these laws have been progressive in some respects. But in others the changes in the law fail to provide sufficient guarantees for due process for those suspected of sexual offences.
These changes have received ample criticism from Swedish legal commentators and victims of wrongful convictions, like Billy Butt.
http://justice4assange.com/Sexual-Offences.html
Amnesty International’s report condemned Sweden’s non-transparency in investigating and prosecuting reported ’rape’ cases, identified flaws in the investigation and subjectivity in the decision of whether the case should proceed or not:
• "the evaluation and analysis of rape cases is largely dependent on the motivation, knowledge and attitude of the investigators."
• "Amnesty International is concerned that a lack of prioritization and a lack of knowledge and training on how to interrogate witnesses and suspects, and how to secure the necessary evidence, may harm the quality of the investigation [emphasis added]."
• "The assessment of the credibility of the victim and the accused, and the reasons for deciding whether to close the case or to proceed, are largely non-transparent ... Informal discussions concerning the credibility of the victim and the alleged perpetrator and whether the case will hold up in court or should be closed do not maintain the principle of due process of law [emphasis added].’
Subjectivity, non-transparency, lack of predictability and weakened safeguards seriously undermines the system for all involved - complainants and suspects. Amnesty International’s findings echo greater systemic problems in rape investigations - these have been addressed in a number of articles and a recent official report on failing standards in preliminary investigations (see Rule of Law, and Investigation). Furthermore, Swedish lawyers and jurists have denounced the subjective manner of adjudications in word-against-word rape trials (read more about due process in criminal proceedings in Sweden, in Fair Trial for Julian Assange?).
Criticisms of the reformed sexual offences law 2005
The changes to the Sexual Offences law implied:
- A greater amount of criminal acts will be classified as ’rape’. The threshold of what constitutes coercion is lowered.
- When someone has sex with a person that is in a helpless state because of unconsciousness, sleep or being under the influence of drugs, it will be considered to fall under ’rape’.
The lawyer Elvy Wicklund criticised several aspects of the new law:
- "the present law identifies all men as potential rapists, or males brimming testosterone who cannot control their urges, which is an insult to most men that are not this way"
- The law was passed too hastily (Johan Stenberg, Appeal Court Judge, Göta Hovrätt)
- Although more criminal acts are classified as ’rape’, the difficulties regarding proof remain (Bengt Sjögren, Appeal Court Judge, Svea Hovrätt); and difficulties of determining intent remain (Karolina Lindenkrantz).
http://justice4assange.com/Sexual-Offences.html
The fact that the definition had been broadened could soon be seen in the rape statistics – the number of reported rapes more than doubled between 2004 and 2009, a year when almost 6,000 cases were reported. According to a Crime Survey made by BRÅ, the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention, there were, however, no indications of an increase in the actual number of people who fell victims to sexual crimes between 2005-2008.
http://www.ipsnews.net/2011/02/rape-as- ... ines-it-2/
How common is rape in Sweden compared to other European countrie
In Sweden there is a comparatively broad definition of what constitutes rape. This means that more sexual crimes are registered as rape than in most other countries. A comparative victim survey between European countries does however not put Sweden at the top of the list.
Rape is a crime that strongly violates integrity, and must be taken very seriously. Therefore we must also be responsible when using figures that describe rape. Currently, there is a discussion about the level of rape in Sweden compared to other European countries, where the discussion is based on statistics about reported crimes.
Within established research about levels of crime and crime development, people are agreed that it is not possible to evaluate and compare the actual levels of violent crimes (such as rape) between countries by comparing the number of crimes reported to the police. This is because there are significant differences between the judicial systems of countries and systems for creating statistics showing crimes reported to the police.
Broader definition and extensive registration
Firstly, in Sweden there is a noticeably broad definition of what constitutes rape. This means that more acts in Sweden are regarded and registered as rape than in the majority of other countries. Secondly, in Sweden a lot of effort is made to register all cases that can be suspected to be rape. As this is done at a very early stage of the process, cases are included that later turn out to be some other sex crime, or even no crime at all. In addition to this, all individual acts are registered — not just the latest occasion or the main crime. In many other countries cases like these are filtered out and do not show up in the statistics.
And it is not only in the area of rape where these differences are noticeable. Sweden stands out within the entire area of crimes against the person in particular, because the registration of crime is more extensive than in the majority of other countries in Europe. This forms the background to, for example, the fact that ten times as many cases of assault are registered in Sweden as in Greece.
Exposure to sex crimes average
Instead of looking at the statistics for crimes reported — which in any case merely show a proportion of the actual number of crimes — criminologists instead recommend comparisons between countries based on large surveys of the general public, so-called victim surveys. Sex crimes, such as rape, are in themselves not easy to investigate using victim surveys, as they relate to sensitive experiences and because the attitude to sex crimes varies between countries.
But in the victim survey that exists that permits basic comparison between levels of exposure to sex crimes in ten European countries, Sweden does not top the list, as in the reporting statistics. Instead, Sweden is around the average mark, which is also the case for assaults and threats, despite the fact that compared to other countries, we have many such crimes reported. However, the fact that we are not any worse than many other countries does not mean that the situation is good. If any rape is committed, the level is too high.
http://www.bra.se/bra/bra-in-english/ho ... tries.html